Martin Luther said that no one should even be considered a Christian who doesn't know the Ten Commandments, the Lord's Prayer, and the Apostles' Creed. I don't always agree with him, but this seems like a good starting point. For the last few months I've been breaking down each trying to explain them. Here are all three without my comments.
THE TEN COMMANDMENTS
1. Don't have other gods.
2. Don't make any idols.
3. Don't misuse God's name
4. Keep the Sabbath holy.
5. Honor your parents.
6. Don't kill
7. Don't sleep around.
8. Don't steal.
9. Don't lie.
10. Don't covet.
That's the Chris Bloom version, which is a lot easier to understand than some. Here's the Lord's Prayer in the ESV.
THE LORD'S PRAYER
Our father in heaven, hallowed be your name. Your kingdom come, your will be done on earth as it is in heaven. Give us this day our daily bread, and forgive us our debts as we forgive our debtors. And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil.
And here is the traditional translation of the Apostles' Creed.
I believe in God the Father, Almighty, Maker of heaven and earth:
And in Jesus Christ, his only begotten Son, our Lord:
Who was conceived by the Holy Ghost, born of the Virgin Mary:
Suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, dead, and buried: He descended into Hell:
The third day he rose again from the dead:
He ascended into Heaven and sits at the right hand of God the Father Almighty:
From thence he shall come to judge the quick and the dead:
I believe in the Holy:Ghost:
I believe in the holy catholic church: the communion of the saints:
The forgiveness of sins:
The resurrection of the body:
And life everlasting. Amen.